Category: Podcast

Dividend Paying Stocks: Income, Growth, and Risks Explained

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Retirement planning often requires balancing income needs with the desire for portfolio growth. One popular strategy for achieving both is investing in dividend paying stocks. These investments offer a unique combination of regular income and potential capital appreciation, making them an attractive option for many retirees and investors planning their financial future. But what exactly are dividend paying stocks, and are they right for you? Let’s dive into the details, exploring the benefits, risks, and strategies to consider.

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What Are Dividend Paying Stocks?

Dividend paying stocks are shares of companies that distribute a portion of their profits to shareholders as dividends. These payments are typically made quarterly but can vary depending on the company. Dividends can be a consistent source of income, especially during retirement, and can help offset living expenses or be reinvested to grow your portfolio further.

How Do Dividends Work?

When a company earns profits, it has several options: reinvest in the business, pay down debt, or return value to shareholders through dividends. Companies in industries like utilities, consumer goods, or financials often pay dividends because their businesses generate steady cash flows. The amount and frequency of dividends can differ widely based on the company’s strategy and financial health.

Qualified vs. Ordinary Dividends

One key factor to consider is the tax treatment of dividends. Qualified dividends are taxed at a lower rate than ordinary income, making them more tax-efficient. Knowing how your dividends are classified can significantly impact your after-tax incom

Benefits of Dividend Paying Stocks

These stocks offer several advantages that make them a compelling choice for retirement portfolios and other investment strategies.

1. Regular Income Stream

Dividends provide a steady source of income, which can be especially valuable in retirement. Unlike some other investments, dividends are typically paid regardless of market conditions, offering a level of predictability.

2. Potential for Capital Appreciation

In addition to generating income, dividend paying stocks can increase in value over time. If the underlying company performs well, the stock price can rise, offering investors the opportunity for capital gains while still receiving dividend payments.

3. Inflation Hedge

Dividend paying stocks can act as a hedge against inflation. Companies that consistently grow their dividends often signal strong financial health and the ability to pass inflation-related costs onto consumers, helping maintain purchasing power.

4. Lower Volatility

Stocks that pay dividends tend to be less volatile than non-dividend paying stocks. This is because these companies are often more established and financially stable, providing investors with some downside protection during market turbulence.

5. Tax Advantages

As mentioned earlier, qualified dividends are taxed at lower rates than ordinary income, offering a tax-efficient way to generate retirement income.

Risks of Dividend Paying Stocks

While dividend paying stocks have many benefits, they are not without risks. Understanding these risks is essential to making informed investment decisions.

1. Dividend Cuts or Suspensions

Dividends are not guaranteed. Companies facing financial difficulties may reduce or suspend their dividend payments. For example, during economic downturns, even well-established companies might prioritize conserving cash over paying dividends.

2. Stock Price Volatility

Dividend paying stocks are still stocks, meaning their prices can fluctuate with market conditions. A significant drop in stock price can offset the income generated by dividends, impacting the overall value of your investment.

3. Inflation Risk

While dividends can act as an inflation hedge, they may not always keep pace with rising costs. If a company’s dividend growth lags behind inflation, the real value of your income could decline over time.

4. Sector Concentration

Certain sectors, such as utilities or real estate, are known for higher dividend yields. Overconcentration in these sectors can expose your portfolio to specific economic or regulatory risks, reducing diversification benefits.

5. Management Risk

The performance of dividend paying stocks also depends on the quality of the company’s management. Poorly managed companies can face financial challenges, even in strong economic conditions, leading to dividend cuts or declining stock values.

Building a Dividend Paying Stock Portfolio

Investing in dividend paying stocks requires thoughtful planning to balance income, growth, and risk. Here are some key strategies to consider when building your portfolio.

1. Diversify Across Sectors

Diversification is critical when investing in dividend paying stocks. Avoid overloading your portfolio with stocks from a single sector. Instead, invest across various industries to reduce risk and enhance stability.

2. Focus on Dividend Growth

Look for companies with a history of consistently increasing their dividends. Dividend growth is a strong indicator of financial health and management’s commitment to returning value to shareholders.

3. Reinvest Dividends

Consider reinvesting your dividends to purchase additional shares. This strategy, known as dividend reinvestment, can help grow your portfolio over time and increase your future income potential.

4. Monitor Financial Health

Regularly review the financial health of the companies in your portfolio. Check key metrics like payout ratios, debt levels, and earnings growth to ensure they can sustain and grow their dividends.

5. Balance Yield and Risk

While high-yield stocks can be tempting, they often come with higher risks. Focus on stocks with sustainable yields rather than chasing the highest payout.

Dividend Stocks vs. Other Income Investments

Dividend paying stocks are just one of many options for generating income in retirement. Here’s how they compare to other popular income investments:

1. Bonds

  • Pros: Bonds provide a fixed income stream with lower risk than stocks.
  • Cons: They lack the potential for capital appreciation and may underperform in inflationary environments.

2. Annuities

  • Pros: Annuities offer guaranteed income for life, reducing longevity risk.
  • Cons: They lack flexibility and can have high fees.

3. Real Estate

  • Pros: Real estate investments provide income and potential appreciation.
  • Cons: Real estate investments require active management and can be illiquid.

Dividend paying stocks can complement these investments as part of a diversified income strategy, offering the potential for growth alongside regular income.

Common Myths About Dividend Paying Stocks

1. Myth: Only Retirees Should Invest in Dividend Stocks

While dividend stocks are popular among retirees, they can also be valuable for younger investors seeking to reinvest dividends for long-term growth. Younger investors can leverage the power of compounding by reinvesting dividends to accumulate more shares over time. This strategy can lead to significant growth in portfolio value, even if the primary goal isn’t immediate income.

2. Myth: High-Yield Stocks Are Always Better

High yields can be a red flag. They may indicate financial distress or an unsustainable payout ratio. While a high yield might seem attractive, it’s crucial to look beyond the number and assess the company’s financial stability. Companies with excessively high yields may struggle to maintain them, leading to potential dividend cuts and stock price declines. Instead, focus on companies with a history of sustainable and growing dividends.

3. Myth: Dividend Stocks Are Risk-Free

All stocks carry risk, including dividend paying ones. Understanding the underlying company and its financial health is essential to managing this risk. These stocks may offer lower volatility compared to non-dividend -paying stocks, but they are still subject to market fluctuations, economic downturns, and company-specific issues. Building a diversified portfolio can help mitigate these risks.

4. Myth: Dividend Investing Is “Set It and Forget It”

While dividend paying stocks can provide a stable income stream, they require active monitoring. Companies’ financial situations can change, impacting their ability to pay or grow dividends. Regularly reviewing your portfolio ensures it aligns with your financial goals and risk tolerance. Staying informed about market trends and company performance is key to long-term success in dividend investing.

5. Myth: Dividend Stocks Don’t Offer Growth

Some investors mistakenly believe dividend paying stocks are only for income and lack growth potential. In reality, many companies that pay dividends also experience significant capital appreciation. Dividend growth stocks, in particular, can provide the best of both worlds—steady income and the opportunity for substantial long-term gains.

How to Get Started

If you’re considering dividend paying stocks, here’s how to begin:

  1. Define Your Goals: Determine whether you’re seeking income, growth, or a combination of both.
  2. Research Stocks: Look for companies with strong financials, a history of dividend growth, and a reasonable payout ratio.
  3. Build a Plan: Diversify your portfolio and decide whether to reinvest dividends or take them as income.
  4. Consult a Professional: Seek the guidance of a professional to help make sure you pick the best stocks for your individual situation.

In Conclusion

Dividend paying stocks can be a powerful tool in your financial strategy, offering steady income, growth potential, and portfolio stability. However, understanding the risks and tailoring your investment choices to your unique goals is crucial for success. If you’re ready to explore how dividend paying stocks can fit into your retirement plan or overall investment strategy, our team of Certified Financial Planners (CFPs) is here to help. Schedule a call with us today to get personalized guidance and build a portfolio designed to meet your financial goals

Should I Buy an Annuity? Pros, Cons, and Everything In Between

Posted on by Brian Colvert

 When planning for retirement, the question often arises: Should I buy an annuity? Annuities are often touted as a reliable option for ensuring steady income during retirement, but they come with their own set of benefits and pitfalls. Today we exploring the different types of annuities, their pros and cons, and considerations to help you decide whether purchasing an annuity is the right choice for you.

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What is an Annuity?

An annuity is a financial product that provides a stream of income in exchange for an upfront lump-sum payment or a series of payments. Typically sold by insurance companies, annuities are popular for their ability to provide predictable income during retirement. They’re often used to safeguard against outliving your savings, ensuring you continue to receive income as long as you live.

Annuities are not a one-size-fits-all solution, and the details can be complex. There are various types of annuities, each with different features, benefits, and risks. To understand whether an annuity makes sense for you, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with the different options available and how they fit into your overall financial plan.

Types of Annuities

1. Immediate vs. Deferred Annuities

  • Immediate Annuities: With an immediate annuity, you pay a lump sum to an insurance company, and in return, you start receiving income payments right away. These are ideal if you need an immediate income stream, for instance, soon after retirement.
  • Deferred Annuities: Deferred annuities allow you to invest money and defer income payments until a future date. The money you invest grows tax-deferred, which means you’re not paying taxes on the growth until you begin to withdraw income. This type of annuity is suitable for those who want to save for future income.

2. Fixed, Variable, and Indexed Annuities

  • Fixed Annuities: These offer a guaranteed interest rate for a specific period, providing a stable, predictable income stream. They’re one of the safest annuity options, but their returns may not keep up with inflation.
  • Variable Annuities: Variable annuities allow you to invest in a range of sub-accounts, similar to mutual funds. The income you receive varies depending on the performance of these investments, so while there is potential for higher returns, there is also a risk of losing money.
  • Indexed Annuities: Indexed annuities are tied to the performance of a stock market index like the S&P 500. They offer a guaranteed minimum return while allowing you to benefit from some of the market’s upside. However, there are usually caps and participation rates that limit how much of the market’s gains you receive.

The Pros and Cons of Annuities

Pros

  1. Guaranteed Income: One of the most appealing features, when you buy an annuity, is the ability to provide guaranteed income for life, which can be particularly comforting during retirement when the concern of outliving savings is common.
  2. Tax-Deferred Growth: Deferred annuities offer tax-deferred growth, meaning you don’t pay taxes on your investment earnings until you start taking withdrawals. This can be advantageous for individuals in high tax brackets during their working years.
  3. Peace of Mind: With an annuity, there’s a level of certainty that comes from having a steady income source. This peace of mind is valuable, especially when market volatility creates uncertainty around other investments.
  4. Inflation Protection: Some annuities offer riders that adjust your income for inflation, ensuring your purchasing power doesn’t erode over time. This feature can be especially important for maintaining quality of life during a lengthy retirement.

Cons

  1. High Costs: Annuities can be costly. Between administrative fees, mortality and expense (M&E) charges, investment management fees, and other potential costs, the expenses can significantly eat into your returns. Fees are often embedded into the contract and may be difficult to fully understand.
  2. Complexity: Annuities are notorious for being complex products. The contracts are often filled with legal and financial jargon, making it challenging for investors to understand all the terms. Hidden fees or stipulations can lead to unpleasant surprises down the road.
  3. Lack of Liquidity: Once you purchase an annuity, it’s challenging to access your principal without facing substantial penalties, particularly during the early years of the contract. The illiquid nature of annuities makes them a poor choice for those who need easy access to their funds.
  4. Surrender Charges: Most annuities come with a surrender period—a set number of years during which you must pay a penalty if you want to withdraw more than a certain amount of money. These penalties can be quite steep, often 7-10% in the early years of the annuity contract.
  5. Credit Risk: Unlike bank products insured by the FDIC, annuities are backed by the financial strength of the issuing insurance company. If the insurer goes under, there’s a risk you might not receive the income promised, although state guaranty associations provide some protection.

Should I Buy an Annuity?

The question of whether you should buy an annuity is highly individual and depends on your personal financial situation, goals, and comfort with risk. To make this decision, you’ll need to weigh several factors.

1. What Are Your Retirement Income Needs?

If you’re looking to supplement Social Security or pension income to cover essential living expenses, an annuity might be a good fit. Annuities provide a reliable source of income that can cover the gap between your guaranteed income and your required living expenses.

2. How Comfortable Are You with Complexity?

Annuities are not for everyone, and they require a certain level of financial understanding. If you’re uncomfortable with complexity or don’t have the time to do your due diligence, an annuity might not be ideal. Alternatively, working with a trusted financial advisor can help make the details more manageable.

3. Do You Value Security Over Growth?

Annuities are about security, not aggressive growth. If you are someone who is comfortable with market risk and are seeking the highest possible returns, annuities might not offer the growth potential you’re after. Mutual funds, ETFs, or stocks may be more aligned with your objectives if growth is your primary concern.

4. Are You Worried About Outliving Your Money?

One of the most significant risks in retirement is outliving your savings. An annuity can mitigate this risk by providing a lifetime income stream. If you’re concerned about longevity risk, an annuity could be a valuable tool to include in your retirement strategy.

Annuities vs. Other Investment Vehicles

Many people compare annuities to other retirement investment options, such as mutual funds, ETFs, or real estate. Below is a comparison of annuities and other popular retirement products to help you understand where they fit within a broader investment strategy.

Mutual Funds vs Annuities 

  • Risk: Mutual funds are inherently riskier than annuities because they are subject to market fluctuations. The returns can vary significantly depending on market conditions, whereas annuities often provide guaranteed income.
  • Liquidity: Mutual funds are generally liquid, meaning you can sell your shares and access your funds easily. Annuities, on the other hand, lock your money away, often with penalties for early withdrawal.
  • Cost: Mutual funds also have fees, but these are generally lower compared to annuities, which include multiple types of charges.
  • Growth Potential: Mutual funds typically offer higher growth potential than annuities, which prioritize stability and guaranteed returns over market growth.

ETFs vs Annuities 

  • Investment Flexibility: ETFs offer more flexibility and lower fees, and they are ideal for investors looking to build diversified portfolios that can be easily managed.
  • Income Guarantee: ETFs do not provide income guarantees—your investments will fluctuate with the market. Annuities provide a guarantee that ETFs cannot match.
  • Cost and Complexity: ETFs are transparent and relatively straightforward, whereas annuities can be complex and laden with fees.

Real Estate vs Annuities 

  • Income Stability: Annuities offer predictable, steady income, whereas real estate income can fluctuate depending on factors like vacancy rates, repairs, and changing rental markets.
  • Liquidity: Real estate is also not very liquid, similar to annuities, but it may provide growth in value over time, whereas annuities generally do not appreciate.
  • Management: Real estate requires active management, which can be time-consuming, whereas annuities are entirely hands-off after the initial purchase.

How to Buy an Annuity

If you’ve determined that an annuity is the right choice for you, it’s crucial to understand how to go about purchasing one.

  1. Work with a Licensed, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™: Annuities are complex products, and a financial advisor can help navigate the various options to find the best fit for you.
  2. Understand the Fees: Always ask about fees and charges upfront. Look for the total cost of the annuity, including administrative fees, M&E fees, and rider charges.
  3. Read the Contract Thoroughly: Annuities come with lengthy contracts. It’s essential to read the fine print or have an expert review the contract to understand what you are getting into.
  4. Consider the Issuer’s Financial Strength: Since an annuity is backed by the insurance company issuing it, make sure the insurer has a strong credit rating. You want an issuer that will still be around decades from now.

Key Takeaways

  • Annuities provide guaranteed income, making them suitable for individuals looking for safety and stability in retirement.
  • They are often complex and can be expensive, with fees that are sometimes hidden within lengthy contracts.
  • Annuities are not as liquid as other investments and are best suited for those who do not need quick access to their principal.
  • If you value guaranteed income and are concerned about outliving your savings, annuities can be a valuable part of your retirement portfolio.
  • Always read the contract before you buy an annuity, understand the fees, and work with a trusted advisor to ensure you are making the right decision.

The decision to purchase an annuity comes down to your financial goals, your understanding of the product, and your risk tolerance. By carefully evaluating your options and considering your long-term needs, you can make an informed decision that supports a comfortable retirement.

Next Steps

So, should you buy an annuity? The answer depends on what you’re looking for: stability and guaranteed income or growth and flexibility. Take your time, do your homework, and consult a professional—it could make all the difference in securing your financial future. Want a professional opinion on your specific situation? Set up a call with us today!

Navigating the Mental Shift into Retirement

Posted on by Brian Colvert

The shift into retirement is one of the most significant life transitions, yet it’s often overlooked as a time of emotional and mental adjustment. Moving from the routine of full-time work to living off savings and investments involves not just financial shifts but also psychological ones. Understanding and preparing for these changes can ease the transition and allow you to embrace this new phase of life fully.

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The Emotional Shift: Redefining Your Identity

For many, work is more than just a salary; it’s a core part of their identity. Retirement can create a sense of loss as you leave behind not only a job but also the structure, social connections, and sense of purpose it provides. These feelings are common and entirely normal.

To navigate this emotional transition:

  • Find New Purpose: Look for activities that give your days meaning, such as volunteering, hobbies, or learning new skills.
  • Stay Connected: Maintain and build social relationships to replace the daily interactions you had at work.
  • Be Patient with Yourself: Adjusting to a new routine and identity takes time. Give yourself grace as you adapt.

The Financial Shift: From Paychecks to Portfolios

The financial aspect of shifting to retirement can feel like stepping into uncharted territory. During your working years, you rely on a steady income to cover expenses. As you shift into retirement, the focus shifts to drawing from savings, pensions, and investments to sustain your lifestyle.

This shift often brings about anxiety. The fear of running out of money or having to cut back on spending is common. To ease these concerns:

  • Understand Your Income Sources: Know exactly where your retirement income will come from, such as Social Security, pensions, investment accounts, or rental properties.
  • Create a Budget: Establish a clear picture of your living expenses and compare them to your expected income.
  • Plan for Longevity: With people living longer, it’s crucial to ensure your savings last for decades. Work with a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ to develop a sustainable withdrawal strategy.

Baby-Stepping Into Retirement

One of the best ways to transition smoothly into retirement is to take it step by step. Sudden changes can be overwhelming, but gradually adjusting your mindset and finances can make the process less daunting.

Start by simulating your retirement lifestyle:

  • Test Your Budget: Try living on your projected retirement income for a few months while you’re still working. This will help you identify gaps and adjust your spending.
  • Turn on Income Streams Gradually: Begin drawing from assets in phases to get comfortable with the new flow of money.
  • Track and Adjust: Monitor your expenses and income during the first few months of retirement. Be flexible and make changes as needed.

Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them

While retirement is an exciting chapter, it’s not without its challenges. Recognizing these hurdles can help you prepare and tackle them with confidence.

  • Fear of Overspending or Underspending: Many retirees worry about depleting their savings too quickly, while others underspend out of fear. Regularly reviewing your finances can provide clarity and peace of mind.
  • Unexpected Expenses: Medical costs, home repairs, or family emergencies can strain your budget. Building a contingency fund into your retirement plan can mitigate these surprises.
  • Lack of Routine: Without the structure of a work schedule, some retirees feel lost. Creating a daily routine that balances leisure, personal growth, and social activities can restore a sense of purpose.

Real-Life Example: A Gradual Transition

Consider a couple, Mark and Susan, who recently retired. Initially, they struggled with the idea of no longer receiving regular paychecks. They decided to approach their transition in stages:

  1. Simulated Budgeting: Six months before retiring, they began living solely off their projected retirement income to get a feel for their new lifestyle.
  2. Flexible Withdrawals: During their first year of retirement, they adjusted their monthly withdrawals based on actual spending, ensuring they neither overspent nor unnecessarily restricted themselves.
  3. Finding Purpose: Mark took up woodworking, a hobby he’d always wanted to explore, while Susan joined a book club and started volunteering at a local nonprofit.

By taking gradual steps, they eased their shift into retirement with confidence and now enjoy their newfound freedom without financial or emotional strain.

Tips for Thriving in Retirement

To make the most of your retirement years, focus on both financial stability and personal fulfillment:

  • Stay Active: Regular exercise and mental stimulation are vital for long-term health and happiness.
  • Keep Learning: Pursue new interests or continue education through courses, travel, or hobbies.
  • Work with Experts: Partner with a financial planner to ensure your retirement plan is on track and adaptable to changes.
  • Embrace Flexibility: Life is unpredictable, so build flexibility into your plans to accommodate unexpected twists and turns.

Conclusion: Embrace the Journey

Retirement is a significant transition, but it’s also a chance to craft the life you’ve always wanted. While the shift from a steady paycheck to living off your assets may seem intimidating, taking a gradual, flexible approach can ease the adjustment. By preparing financially and emotionally, you can fully embrace this new phase and enjoy the freedom and opportunities it brings.

If you’re ready to start planning your shift into retirement or need guidance navigating the transition, contact us at today! Our team is here to help you create a plan that ensures you’ll thrive in retirement.

Zoom Out: Optimizing Retirement Accounts

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Optimizing Retirement Accounts Tax Strategies

Managing and optimizing your retirement accounts and tax strategies is no small task. As you approach retirement, you may find yourself juggling a variety of accounts—401(k)s, IRAs, brokerage accounts, and even less common investments like private equity or cryptocurrency. This fragmented landscape can make it hard to see the full picture, let alone create a strategy that minimizes taxes and maximizes growth.

If this sounds familiar, it might be time to “zoom out” and look at your accounts as a cohesive portfolio. By shifting your focus from individual accounts to your overall financial landscape, you can create a tax-efficient strategy that works for your unique situation. In this post, we’ll walk you through the benefits of this approach and how to implement it.

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Why You Have So Many Accounts

It’s common for people to accumulate multiple accounts over the years. Perhaps you’ve switched jobs a few times, leaving behind 401(k)s with previous employers. Maybe you and your spouse have opened separate brokerage accounts or inherited an IRA. Add in tax-advantaged accounts like Roth IRAs and Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), and it’s no wonder your financial picture feels cluttered.

While having diverse accounts can offer flexibility, it can also lead to inefficiencies. If each account is managed in isolation, you may miss opportunities to optimize your retirement accounts and overall tax strategy or align your investments with your risk tolerance.

The Risks of Managing Accounts in Isolation

When managing retirement accounts individually, many people default to mirroring the same investment strategy across all of them. For example, they might allocate 60% to equities and 40% to bonds in every account. While this approach might feel consistent, it can lead to inefficiencies, particularly when it comes to taxes.

Each type of account—taxable, tax-deferred, and tax-free—has unique rules about how contributions, growth, and withdrawals are taxed. Ignoring these differences can result in unnecessary tax burdens, lower returns, and missed opportunities to grow your wealth.

The Solution: Viewing Your Portfolio as a Whole

The key to overcoming these inefficiencies and optimizing retirement accounts is to view your accounts as parts of a unified portfolio rather than standalone entities. This strategy, often referred to as asset location, involves placing investments in the accounts where they are most tax-efficient. By “zooming out” and considering your entire portfolio, you can optimize for both tax savings and growth.

Step 1: Understand Your Accounts

Before you can optimize your portfolio, it’s important to understand the tax implications of each account type:

  1. Taxable Accounts (Brokerage Accounts):
    Contributions are made with after-tax dollars, and you’ll owe taxes on dividends, interest, and capital gains each year.

    • Best for: Investments with low tax burdens, such as municipal bonds or tax-efficient index funds.
  2. Tax-Deferred Accounts (401(k)s, Traditional IRAs):
    Contributions are often pre-tax, and you won’t pay taxes on growth until you withdraw funds in retirement.

    • Best for: Growth-oriented investments, as taxes are deferred.
  3. Tax-Free Accounts (Roth IRAs):
    Contributions are made with after-tax dollars, but growth and withdrawals are tax-free.

    • Best for: High-growth investments, as all gains are tax-free.

Step 2: Allocate Assets Strategically

Once you understand the tax implications of each account type, you can decide where to place your investments for maximum efficiency. Your asset allocation strategy is key.

  1. Place Fixed-Income Investments in Taxable Accounts
    Fixed-income investments like bonds generate interest, which is taxed as ordinary income in taxable accounts. However, municipal bonds (munis) offer a tax-efficient alternative, as their interest is generally exempt from federal taxes (and sometimes state taxes if issued in your state).
  2. Put Growth-Oriented Investments in Tax-Deferred and Tax-Free Accounts
    Stocks and other high-growth assets are better suited for tax-advantaged accounts like IRAs and Roth IRAs. In a traditional IRA, your investments grow tax-deferred, meaning you won’t pay taxes until you withdraw the money. In a Roth IRA, growth is entirely tax-free, making it an ideal home for aggressive investments.
  3. Balance Across Accounts
    For example, if you want a portfolio that’s 50% equities and 50% bonds, you might place all your equities in a Roth IRA and all your bonds in a taxable account. Together, your accounts maintain your desired allocation, but each investment is housed in the most tax-efficient location.

Step 3: Optimize Withdrawals

As you approach retirement, the order in which you withdraw funds from your accounts can also impact your tax burden. A common strategy is to withdraw from taxable accounts first, allowing tax-deferred and tax-free accounts to continue growing. However, this depends on your specific situation, including your income needs and tax bracket.

Benefits of a Unified Approach

By treating your accounts as a whole, you can unlock several benefits:

  1. Tax Savings:
    Minimizing taxes on dividends, interest, and capital gains allows you to keep more of your money.
  2. Higher Growth Potential:
    Placing growth-oriented investments in tax-advantaged accounts lets them compound more effectively.
  3. Simplified Portfolio Management:
    Instead of managing each account individually, you can focus on your overall allocation and strategy.

Common Misconceptions

It’s easy to fall into the trap of thinking every account should have the same allocation. While consistency feels safe, it often leads to inefficiencies. Another misconception is that asset location only matters for high-net-worth individuals. In reality, anyone with multiple accounts can benefit from this strategy.

How to Get Started Optimizing Your Retirement Accounts

  1. Review Your Accounts:
    Take stock of all your accounts, including their balances, investment types, and tax statuses.
  2. Consult a Financial Advisor:
    Asset location can get complex, especially if you have a mix of account types. A CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™  (like us, wink, wink) can help you create a strategy tailored to your needs.
  3. Monitor and Adjust:
    Life changes, market conditions, and tax laws can all impact your strategy. Regularly review your portfolio to ensure it remains aligned with your goals.

Final Thoughts

Managing and optimizing multiple retirement accounts doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By zooming out and viewing your portfolio as a whole, you can create a tax-efficient strategy that maximizes growth and minimizes headaches. Whether you’re just starting to think about retirement or already have a mix of accounts, it’s never too late to take a smarter approach.

At Bonfire Financial, we specialize in helping clients make sense of their financial landscape. If you’d like help evaluating your accounts and creating a strategy, reach out to us today.

5-10 Years to Go: Retirement Reality Check -Are You Really Ready?

Posted on by Brian Colvert

As you get closer to retirement, the financial planning landscape changes. Those final 5-10 years bring new priorities, questions, and a natural desire for clarity. Do I have enough to retire comfortably? Will my savings and investments support my lifestyle? This period is critical for setting up the financial security and peace of mind that most people seek as they step away from work. Below, we’ll dive into how to build confidence in your retirement planning by addressing key steps and practical strategies to ensure you’re ready.

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Step 1: Start with Your Expenses

The foundation of a successful retirement plan is understanding your current expenses. The goal is to get a clear picture of what it costs to live your life on a monthly and annual basis. To do this:

  1. Track your monthly spending: Look at your recent bank statements and credit card bills to get an idea of your average monthly spending. Include every category, from housing to groceries to entertainment.
  2. Account for yearly fluctuations: Certain months are often higher-spend months. For example, holiday season costs or summer travel expenses can raise expenses significantly. Make sure to average out these costs for a realistic annual spending figure.
  3. Consider future changes: Think about how your expenses might change in retirement. Will you be mortgage-free, or do you anticipate moving? Are there hobbies you plan to pursue that might increase costs?

Once you have a firm grasp on your current and anticipated expenses, you’ll have a more accurate starting point to build your retirement plan.

Step 2: Identify Income Sources

After estimating your expenses, it’s time to look at income sources you can rely on in retirement. For most people, these will fall into a few main categories:

  1. Social Security: Check your Social Security statement to see what you can expect to receive monthly. Remember that delaying Social Security benefits past your full retirement age can increase your monthly payments.
  2. Pensions: If you’re fortunate enough to have a pension, include it here. Know the details, such as whether the payout is fixed or adjusted for inflation, and if any survivor benefits are available.
  3. Investment Income: Income from investments in retirement accounts, brokerage accounts, or real estate holdings is crucial. This is where the bulk of many people’s retirement income comes from.
  4. Other Sources: You may have other income sources like part-time work, royalties, or annuities. Consider whether these will be consistent and predictable.

Tally these income sources to see how they measure up against your projected expenses. Many retirees find that guaranteed income from Social Security and pensions falls short of covering their needs. This difference, or “gap,” is what your investments need to cover.

Step 3: Calculating Your “Gap” and Understanding Withdrawal Strategies

Once you have an estimate of your guaranteed income versus your expenses, you can calculate your “gap.” This is the amount you’ll need to withdraw from savings and investments each year to meet your spending needs.

For instance, if your annual expenses are $120,000 and your guaranteed income covers only $60,000, then your gap is $60,000 per year. This is the amount you’ll need to draw from your investments to maintain your lifestyle.

Step 4: Implementing the 4% Rule

The “4% rule” is a popular rule of thumb for retirement planning. It’s a straightforward way to estimate how much you can sustainably withdraw from your investments each year without depleting your savings prematurely.

The rule suggests that if you withdraw 4% of your retirement portfolio each year, your savings should last approximately 30 years, even with inflation adjustments.

Here’s how to use the 4% rule to estimate your retirement readiness:

  1. Calculate your gap: For example, if your gap is $60,000, you’ll need enough saved to cover this annually.
  2. Divide by 4%: Divide your gap by 0.04 to estimate how much you need saved. Using our example, $60,000 / 0.04 = $1.5 million.

The 4% rule provides a conservative starting point. However, remember that it’s just a guideline. Depending on your personal situation, investment portfolio, and tolerance for risk, you may need to adjust this percentage.

Step 5: Assessing Risk and Adjusting Your Portfolio

As you near retirement, consider adjusting your investment portfolio to better align with your time horizon and risk tolerance. This often means reducing your exposure to high-risk assets, such as stocks, and increasing holdings in more stable assets like bonds or cash equivalents.

That said, maintaining some exposure to growth assets, like stocks, is still essential to keep pace with inflation over what could be a lengthy retirement. We can help you determine the right balance based on your needs and market conditions.

Step 6: Creating a Flexible Withdrawal Plan

A successful retirement plan includes flexibility. The 4% rule is a useful baseline, but there are times when adjusting withdrawals can help stretch your retirement savings further.

  1. Stay adaptable in lean years: If markets are down, consider withdrawing slightly less or pausing major expenses. Adjusting withdrawals during market downturns can prevent you from selling investments at a loss.
  2. Re-evaluate annually: Each year, assess your expenses, investment performance, and overall portfolio balance. Staying engaged helps you avoid surprises and make minor course corrections as needed.
  3. Bucket Strategy: Some retirees find it helpful to use a “bucket strategy,” where they segment their savings into short-term, medium-term, and long-term buckets. For example, keeping 1-3 years’ worth of expenses in cash equivalents can cover immediate needs, while medium and long-term investments grow to support later years.

Step 7: Plan for Taxes and Healthcare Costs

Taxes and healthcare costs are among the largest expenses retirees face, so accounting for them in your retirement planning is essential.

  1. Plan for taxes: Withdrawals from tax-deferred accounts, like traditional IRAs and 401(k)s, are typically subject to income tax. Understanding your tax liability and strategies to minimize it, like Roth conversions or strategic withdrawal planning, can make a significant difference in retirement income.
  2. Healthcare expenses: Medicare will cover some costs, but it doesn’t cover everything. Consider supplemental insurance, long-term care insurance, or creating a separate savings account for healthcare costs to ensure you’re prepared for medical expenses.

Step 8: Pay Attention to Inflation

Retirement can span two or three decades, and inflation will erode purchasing power over time. Make sure your income sources and withdrawal strategy account for inflation so your savings can cover the rising costs of living.

  1. Use inflation-adjusted estimates: When calculating future expenses, consider the effect of inflation. A 3% annual increase in expenses is a conservative estimate many financial planners use.
  2. Inflation-resistant assets: Keeping some investments in assets that typically rise with inflation, such as stocks or Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS), can help offset inflation’s impact on your retirement income.

Step 9: Take Advantage of Catch-Up Contributions

For those 50 and older, catch-up contributions allow you to add extra money to retirement accounts, such as 401(k)s and IRAs. Maximizing these contributions can help bolster your savings in the final years leading to retirement.

  1. 401(k) catch-up contributions: As of 2024, you can contribute an extra $7,500 to your 401(k) annually if you’re over 50. This is in addition to the regular contribution limit.
  2. IRA catch-up contributions: Similarly, individuals over 50 can contribute an extra $1,000 annually to IRAs.

These catch-up contributions can add up significantly over time, especially when invested wisely.

Step 10: Seek Professional Guidance

Planning for retirement involves many variables, and even with simple rules, the calculations can become complex. Professional guidance can be valuable for ensuring your plan is realistic. We can work with you to create a tailored financial plan that addresses your unique needs, assets, and goals. We can also guide you in making adjustments and keeping your strategy on track as conditions change.

The Bottom Line: Retire with Confidence

The final years before retirement are the perfect time to refine your plan, reduce uncertainties, and build confidence in your financial future. By knowing your expenses, identifying reliable income sources, and understanding your investment strategy, you’ll be well-prepared to retire with peace of mind.

Remember, retirement planning doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Each of these steps, from budgeting to the 4% rule, provides you with a roadmap to a secure retirement. Following these strategies and seeking guidance when needed can set you up to transition from work to retirement with confidence, knowing you’ve planned well for the years ahead.

What Now? Strategies for Unused 529 Plan Funds

Posted on by Brian Colvert

It’s a rewarding feeling: your child has finished college, launching into the next chapter of life with newfound knowledge and independence. Or, maybe they didn’t, and that’s okay too. Either way, you notice there’s money left in their 529 plan. While a 529 is a fantastic tool for education savings—tax-free growth, often state tax deductions and qualified expense options—the question remains: What should you do with the unused 529 plan funds now?

Today we are looking at your options for making the most of these funds, minimizing potential penalties, and possibly even finding new opportunities to benefit your family. Let’s dive into strategies for those excess 529 savings.

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1. Transfer the 529 Plan to Another Beneficiary

One of the most straightforward ways to use unused 529 funds is to change the beneficiary to someone else in your family. With a simple form, you can transfer the 529 plan to a sibling, cousin, or even a grandchild. Here’s what you need to consider:

  • Educational Needs: If you have younger children or grandchildren who may need funds for future schooling, this option can be a great way to plan ahead.
  • Flexible Use Across Relatives: Any member of your family (per the IRS definition) can become the new beneficiary, including siblings, children, and even yourself, in certain situations.
  • K-12 Expenses: If the new beneficiary has upcoming K-12 expenses, you may be able to use the 529 funds to cover up to $10,000 of qualified costs each year.

By transferring the plan, the tax advantages remain intact, and you can continue benefiting your family’s education over the long term.

2. Use the 529 Funds for K-12 Expenses

A recent change in tax law allows 529 funds to cover up to $10,000 annually in tuition for K-12 education. This means that if the new beneficiary attends private school or has other qualifying educational expenses, the 529 can help offset those costs tax-free. If there are family members still in K-12, this option might allow you to reallocate the funds for their benefit without changing the original purpose of the savings.

3. Apply Funds to Student Loans

If your child has graduated with some student debt, using the remaining 529 funds could provide some relief. You can now use 529 savings to pay up to $10,000 toward student loan debt for the beneficiary or for their siblings. This cap applies per individual, so if you have multiple children with loans, each can benefit from the remaining balance in this way.

Things to Note:

  • Lifetime Limit: The $10,000 limit for student loan repayment is a one-time cap, so if you’ve already used the 529 to pay off some debt, you can’t go above that.
  • Tax-Free Growth: By covering student loans, you can use the tax-free growth of the 529 to pay down debt without incurring penalties, effectively reducing the burden of student loans on your family.

4. Cover Costs for Apprenticeship Programs

If your child or another family member is interested in pursuing a skilled trade, 529 funds can help cover expenses for an eligible apprenticeship program. These programs, registered with the U.S. Department of Labor, often require fees, supplies, and tools. A 529 plan can now be applied toward these costs, helping a beneficiary gain specialized skills and begin a career without the weight of additional debt.

This use case can be highly valuable for families, especially given the increasing demand for skilled trades and the relatively high cost of some apprenticeship programs.

5. Fund Graduate or Professional School

If your child is pursuing graduate school or additional certifications, these expenses can also be covered using 529 savings. Unlike some tax-advantaged accounts that limit funds to undergraduate studies, a 529 plan is flexible for various types of post-secondary education.

Whether it’s law school, medical school, or an advanced degree in a specialized field, graduate studies are typically expensive, and the 529 can help cover these costs while maintaining its tax advantages.

6. Roll Funds into a Roth IRA

As of 2024, 529 plan owners have a unique new option: rolling unused 509 plan funds into a Roth IRA. This option has the potential to shift unused educational savings into retirement savings, but certain conditions apply:

  • 15-Year Requirement: The 529 plan must have been open for at least 15 years.
  • Contribution Age: Only contributions made five years before the rollover can be transferred.
  • Annual Limits and Lifetime Cap: Rollovers are subject to annual contribution limits for Roth IRAs (currently around $6,500 for those under 50, $7,500 for those 50 and older), with a lifetime cap of $35,000.

While these guidelines may require some planning, the ability to roll a 529 into a Roth IRA provides another layer of flexibility. For families looking to bolster their retirement savings, this option allows the unused funds to grow in a tax-free vehicle, which can be a highly strategic move.

7. Withdraw the Funds (with Caution)

In cases where none of the above options work, you may decide to simply withdraw the remaining balance. However, it’s essential to understand the potential costs involved:

  • 10% Penalty: Withdrawals for non-qualified expenses will incur a 10% penalty on the earnings portion, not the principal.
  • Income Tax on Growth: Earnings will be taxed as ordinary income, which could lead to a substantial tax bill if the account has grown significantly.

There are exceptions to the penalty in cases like receiving a scholarship or attending a U.S. military academy, but taxes will still apply to the growth. Before making this choice, consult a financial professional to understand the exact tax implications based on your account’s growth and current tax bracket.

When to Seek Professional Advice

With so many factors to weigh, a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (CFP) can help assess which path aligns best with your family’s financial goals and unique situation. Whether it’s optimizing for taxes, navigating education expenses, or considering retirement needs, we are can help you with the expertise to ensure you make the most of your 529 funds.

Wrapping Up

Unused funds in a 529 plan can feel like a mixed blessing, but with the many options available today, you have a variety of paths to preserve and repurpose those savings. Whether transferring funds to family members, rolling them into a Roth IRA, or using them for alternative education paths, each choice has its advantages.

If you find yourself with excess 529 funds, feel free to reach out to us to discuss the best approach for you. We’re here to help guide you through these options, ensuring your 529 savings continue to benefit your family for years to come.

Are You Making These 3 Common Retirement Mistakes?

Posted on by Brian Colvert

Retirement marks a significant life transition, one that requires careful planning and a realistic understanding of what lies ahead. Despite all the guidance and information available, there are still many common retirement mistakes that many pre-retirees make, often without realizing the potential consequences. Avoiding these pitfalls can help ensure a comfortable and worry-free retirement. Let’s take a closer look at these three overlooked areas.

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Retirement Mistake #1 – Underestimating Healthcare and Medical Expenses

One of the most significant challenges that retirees face is handling healthcare costs. Many assume that Medicare will cover all their needs once they turn 65, but that’s far from the truth. While Medicare offers some assistance, it doesn’t cover everything. Parts of it, like Medicare Part B and Part D come with premiums based on your income.

According to recent studies, the average retired couple may need over $300,000 to cover medical expenses during retirement. And that number could rise as healthcare costs continue to increase. So, if you’re approaching retirement without a solid plan for medical expenses, you could be facing a serious shortfall.

Medicare Part A, which covers hospital stays, has its limits. It doesn’t provide full coverage for all medical costs, especially when it comes to long-term care like nursing homes or in-home care for chronic illnesses. You may find yourself needing additional Medicare Advantage plans or Medigap policies, both of which come with their own costs.

Long-term care is another often-overlooked area. No one wants to imagine themselves needing assistance due to age-related ailments. However, the reality is that many people will require some form of long-term care. Consider investing in long-term care insurance, especially if there’s a family history of illnesses like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. Waiting too long to secure this type of insurance can result in significantly higher premiums or even disqualification based on pre-existing conditions.

Retirement mistakes are common. Preparing for healthcare costs in retirement is essential to avoid the unexpected financial strain, as Medicare alone won’t cover all expenses. By planning ahead and considering options like Medigap and long-term care insurance, you can better protect your financial future and ensure access to necessary care.

Retirement Mistake #2 – Ignoring Car Replacement and Maintenance Costs

While healthcare is a commonly discussed retirement expense, many people overlook the cost of maintaining and replacing their vehicles. Most retirees own a car and rely on it for day-to-day activities, whether it’s visiting family, going to the grocery store, or driving to leisure activities.

Cars don’t last forever, and depending on when you retire, you may need to replace your vehicle a few times. Cars come with maintenance costs, which only increase as the car ages. Routine expenses like oil changes, new tires, and brake repairs can add up, and unexpected repairs can come as a nasty surprise to anyone living on a fixed income. Beyond this, the price of new vehicles has been rising steadily, with even modestly priced cars costing tens of thousands of dollars. If you’re accustomed to driving luxury cars, that expense can easily double or even triple.

So, as you budget for retirement, make sure to factor in the potential costs of replacing your vehicle every 8-10 years. You’ll also want to consider rising costs due to inflation, especially if you’re hoping to drive a newer or more luxurious model. By setting aside funds specifically for car replacement and maintenance, you’ll be better equipped to handle these expenses without impacting other areas of your retirement budget.

Overlooking vehicle replacement and maintenance costs is another one of the common retirement mistakes that can lead to unexpected financial burden. By planning for these expenses, you can avoid costly surprises and keep your retirement budget on track.

Retirement Mistake #3 – Failing to Adjust Lifestyle Expectations to Fit Retirement Income

If you’re a high-income earner, you may be accustomed to a certain lifestyle—maybe it’s regular vacations, fine dining, or even memberships to clubs or organizations. Unfortunately, a luxurious lifestyle can be tough to maintain on a retirement budget.

The first step is to ensure that your savings can support your lifestyle. A general rule of thumb is to aim for about 70-80% of your pre-retirement income to maintain your standard of living. This can vary widely depending on your specific circumstances. For those accustomed to high incomes, this percentage can still leave a substantial gap if your expenses are disproportionately high.

Beyond savings, it’s essential to evaluate your current lifestyle and determine where adjustments might be necessary. You may need to make trade-offs to align your retirement spending with your income. For example, if luxury travel is a high priority, you might need to scale back in other areas, such as dining out or leisure activities. Conversely, if you have a passion for fine dining, you might consider fewer vacations or shorter trips to balance costs.

Take time to analyze your current spending and decide which elements are most important to you. If frequent travel is a priority, perhaps you can scale back in other areas to accommodate this passion. If you enjoy dining out, consider how often you’ll want to do so during retirement and factor that into your budget. It might mean fewer trips to five-star restaurants, but with thoughtful planning, you can still enjoy occasional indulgences.

You may also need to make some lifestyle adjustments to ensure your retirement savings last. This could involve downsizing your home, traveling less frequently, or taking a more conservative approach to discretionary spending. A financial advisor can help you analyze your spending and create a budget that balances your priorities with your resources.

Neglecting to adjust your lifestyle to match retirement income is a common mistake that can strain your finances. By recognizing these retirement mistakes early and planning accordingly, you can avoid financial stress and achieve a more sustainable retirement.

In Conclusion

The key to avoiding these common retirement mistakes is to start planning early. Work with a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ to build a comprehensive financial plan that addresses healthcare costs, vehicle expenses, and lifestyle adjustments. By taking these steps now, you’ll be better prepared to enjoy a comfortable retirement free from financial stress. To recap:

Healthcare: Make sure to consider all aspects, from Medicare premiums to long-term care insurance.

Vehicles: Create a fund for car replacement and maintenance. Remember that you may need to replace your car multiple times during retirement.

Lifestyle: Be realistic about what your savings can support, and prioritize the areas that matter most to you.

Incorporating these three considerations into your retirement plan will ensure that you’re prepared for the reality of retirement, allowing you to focus on what truly matters—enjoying this new chapter of your life.

Next steps:

If you’re looking to avoid these retirement mistakes and plan confidently for the future, let’s chat. Schedule a call with us today to start building a retirement plan that works for you!

401k Do’s and Don’ts: Smart Strategies as You Near Retirement

Posted on by Brian Colvert

As retirement approaches, the way you manage your 401k becomes more critical than ever. With the right strategies, you can protect your hard-earned savings, minimize risks, and set yourself up for a comfortable retirement. In this Podcast, we’ll explore essential do’s and don’ts for managing your 401k as you near retirement, helping you make informed decisions about your financial future.

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1. Understand How Your Risk Tolerance Changes Near Retirement

Don’t assume your risk tolerance remains the same as you age. When you’re younger, it’s easier to take on higher risk for the potential of higher returns, as you have more time to recover from any downturns. However, as you approach retirement, you should reevaluate your tolerance for risk.

Do consider shifting towards a more conservative investment strategy. This could involve reallocating your assets to include more bonds or other fixed-income securities, which tend to be less volatile than stocks. Target-date funds, which automatically adjust your investment mix as you age, can be a convenient way to ensure your portfolio becomes more conservative over time.

2. Avoid Overly Aggressive Investments

It can be tempting to chase high returns, especially if you’re trying to catch up on retirement savings. However, overly aggressive investments can expose you to significant losses, especially if there’s an economic downturn close to your retirement date.

Don’t let short-term market trends drive your decisions. Avoid investing heavily in high-risk stocks based on recent performance. The market’s past performance doesn’t guarantee future results, and downturns can occur suddenly.

Do seek a balanced portfolio that aligns with your updated risk tolerance. Consider consulting a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ to review your portfolio and ensure it aligns with your long-term goals and timeline. This can help protect you from the emotional impulse to sell during market dips or take unnecessary risks.

3. Keep Contributing to Your 401k

Many people assume they should stop contributing to their 401k once they hit a certain age, but there are often advantages to continuing to save. The closer you get to retirement, the more crucial these contributions become.

Do take advantage of catch-up contributions if you’re over 50. These allow you to contribute additional funds beyond the standard annual limit, giving you a boost in retirement savings. Make the most of your employer’s match as well, as this is essentially free money going into your retirement fund.

Don’t assume that just because retirement is near, saving becomes less important. Every contribution counts, as it not only grows through investment returns but also helps keep you on track with your financial goals.

4. Regularly Rebalance Your Portfolio

Over time, certain investments in your portfolio may grow faster than others, leading to an unintended imbalance in your asset allocation. This can increase your risk exposure if, for instance, stocks outperform bonds, making equities a larger portion of your portfolio than originally intended.

Do rebalance your portfolio at least once a year to ensure it aligns with your target asset allocation. As you approach retirement, your target asset allocation will likely lean more toward stability and income generation rather than growth. By rebalancing, you can reduce your risk and bring your portfolio back in line with your retirement goals.

Don’t ignore market fluctuations. By rebalancing, you’re essentially selling high and buying low, which can be a disciplined approach to investing. If you’re unsure how to rebalance your portfolio, a financial advisor can help you assess and adjust your asset allocation as needed.

5. Be Cautious with Annuities

Annuities can be an attractive option because they offer guaranteed income. However, they are not a one-size-fits-all solution and can come with high fees and complex terms.

Don’t buy an annuity without fully understanding how it works and whether it’s appropriate for your situation. Some advisors may push annuities due to the commissions they receive, but that doesn’t mean it’s the right choice for everyone. Annuities can limit your liquidity and may have penalties for early withdrawal.

Do consider an annuity if it aligns with your overall retirement plan and you’re looking for a stable income source. Work with an advisor who will explain the pros and cons without a bias toward selling you a specific product. Annuities might be suitable in situations where you need a guaranteed income stream, but it’s essential to weigh the costs and benefits carefully.

6. Make Tax-Efficient Withdrawals

When you start withdrawing from your 401k in retirement, you’ll need to pay income taxes on the distributions. Depending on your total retirement income, these withdrawals could push you into a higher tax bracket.

Do plan your withdrawals strategically to minimize your tax burden. If you have other retirement accounts, such as a Roth IRA, consider taking distributions from them in a way that helps you manage your tax liability. For example, withdrawing from a traditional 401k and a Roth IRA in the same year can help you stay within a lower tax bracket.

Don’t withdraw large sums from your 401k in a single year unless necessary. Large withdrawals can trigger higher taxes and potentially Medicare surcharges. By managing your withdrawals thoughtfully, you can stretch your savings further and avoid paying more tax than necessary.

7. Consider the Role of Social Security

For many retirees, Social Security forms a crucial part of their retirement income. However, when and how you claim these benefits can significantly impact the amount you receive over your lifetime.

Do research the optimal age to start claiming Social Security based on your situation. While you can start as early as age 62, waiting until full retirement age (or even age 70) increases your monthly benefit. If you’re married, coordinating benefits with your spouse can also maximize your household income.

Don’t overlook Social Security as a part of your retirement plan. It’s essential to understand how your 401k distributions and Social Security benefits work together. A well-planned approach to claiming Social Security can help ensure you get the most out of your retirement income sources.

8. Review Beneficiary Designations

Life changes, such as marriage, divorce, or the birth of a child, may impact whom you want to inherit your 401k savings. Your retirement accounts don’t pass through your will but are instead directed by the beneficiary designations on the account.

Do periodically review and update your beneficiary designations to ensure they reflect your current wishes. This is a simple task but can prevent potential disputes or complications for your heirs. Make sure your beneficiaries are aware of their status, so they know what to expect.

Don’t assume that your will covers your 401k. Many people make this mistake and inadvertently leave their retirement savings to the wrong person. By keeping your beneficiary designations up to date, you can avoid this oversight.

9. Work with CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (CFP)

As you get closer to retirement, your financial decisions become more complex. It can be challenging to navigate investment choices, tax implications, and withdrawal strategies without professional guidance.

Do consider consulting a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ (CFP) who specializes in retirement planning. A CFP can provide personalized advice that considers your entire financial picture and helps you create a tailored strategy for your 401k and other retirement assets.

Don’t go it alone, especially if you feel uncertain about any aspect of your retirement planning. The insights and guidance of a professional can be invaluable, particularly as you make significant decisions that will impact your future financial security.

10. Stay Informed and Flexible

The financial landscape is always changing, with new laws, products, and strategies emerging regularly. As a retiree or soon-to-be retiree, staying informed can help you make better decisions and adapt to changing circumstances.

Do continue educating yourself on retirement topics, whether through podcasts, articles, or books. Financial literacy can help you feel more in control and make informed choices.

Don’t assume that your plan is set in stone. Flexibility is essential as you move through different stages of retirement. Regularly reviewing your plan and making adjustments as needed can help you stay on track.

In Conclusion

Planning for retirement involves more than simply building a nest egg. By paying attention to these 401k do’s and don’ts in retirement, you can make smarter choices about your savings, protect your assets, and set yourself up for a more secure retirement. Remember, retirement planning is an ongoing process, and the strategies that work for you today may need adjustment in the future. By staying proactive and seeking guidance when necessary, you’ll be well-equipped to make the most of your retirement years.

Next Steps:

Ready to take control of your retirement planning? Schedule a call with us today to discuss your 401k strategy and make sure you’re on the right path for a secure and comfortable retirement.. Contact us at today .

The Art of Asset Allocation

Posted on by Brian Colvert

In the world of financial planning, one term that often comes up is “asset allocation.” Asset allocation is the practice of dividing an investment portfolio across different asset classes to balance risk.  Think a pie chart. It’s a foundational concept that plays a crucial role in designing investment portfolios. But while it may sound straightforward, the reality is far more nuanced. In fact, I’d argue that asset allocation is more of an art than a science.

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What is Asset Allocation?

At its core, asset allocation refers to how an investment portfolio is divided among different asset classes. These can include equities (stocks), fixed income (bonds), private equity, commodities, real estate, and even modern additions like cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. The goal is to find the right mix that balances risk and reward based on the investor’s goals, time horizon, and risk tolerance.

Often, the first step in determining asset allocation is through some sort of quiz or a conversation with a financial advisor. These quizzes typically ask questions designed to assess risk tolerance—how much market volatility an investor can stomach. They aim to gauge whether someone would prefer a conservative approach, leaning more towards fixed income and less risky investments, or a more aggressive strategy, favoring equities and other higher-risk assets.

Why Asset Allocation is an Art, Not a Science

Why do I call asset allocation an art rather than a science? The answer lies in the human element. For the many years I’ve been in this industry, I have yet to see a quiz that can’t be manipulated or one where people don’t try to put their best foot forward.

Investors often say they want all the upside and none of the downside. And why wouldn’t they? If we could guarantee such outcomes, everyone would be wealthy, and financial planning would be a breeze. But reality doesn’t work like that. There’s no perfect formula that offers maximum returns with zero risks. Even the best investors can’t avoid downturns entirely.

Most quizzes ask questions like, “Would you be willing to take a 50% loss for the chance of a 150% gain?” People tend to focus on the potential gains and say “yes” without fully understanding the emotional impact of actual losses. Here’s another issue: quizzes often frame things in percentages, but real-life losses are felt in dollars. For example, a 10% loss on a $2 million portfolio isn’t just 10%; it’s $200,000. When markets are down, people think about what those lost dollars could have bought—a new car, a home, years of living expenses. These losses are visceral and deeply personal.

Conversely, when the market is up, we often think in percentages rather than dollar gains. We may say, “My portfolio is up 20%,” without immediately converting that to actual dollar gains. This inconsistency in how we perceive gains versus losses underscores the complexity of human emotions in investing, making asset allocation an art that requires understanding psychology, not just spreadsheets.

The Role of Emotions in Investing

The emotional response to gains and losses can lead investors to make irrational decisions. Fear and greed are two powerful emotions that drive market behavior. During a market downturn, investors may panic, thinking, “This time is different; it’s going to zero. I need to get out now.” This reaction is called capitulation, and it’s the point at which investors sell off their investments to avoid further losses. But by selling when the market is low, they lock in their losses and miss the eventual recovery.

For instance, during the 2008 financial crisis, the markets fell over 50%. If you were heavily invested in equities and panicked, selling your investments to move into a more conservative portfolio, you would have locked in those losses. When the markets rebounded, as they historically have, those conservative investments wouldn’t have recovered as quickly as a diversified portfolio that stayed the course. This is why it’s essential to maintain a consistent risk tolerance. Selling low and buying high is a recipe for long-term underperformance.

Learning from the Great Investors

Even the most successful investors have faced significant downturns. Ray Dalio, known for his “All Weather” portfolio designed to perform well in any economic environment, still saw his strategy down by 20% in 2022. Warren Buffett, perhaps the most renowned investor of our time, saw his portfolio down by approximately 24% in 2022 and nearly 50% during the 2008 crisis. Yet, over the long term, these investors have achieved phenomenal returns. The key is their ability to stay invested through the tough times, not letting fear dictate their investment decisions.

Finding Your Comfort Zone

Working with a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ can help tailor an asset allocation strategy that aligns with your comfort zone, goals, and life situation. A good advisor takes the time to understand your emotional triggers. They’ll know how to guide you through downturns without making knee-jerk reactions that could harm your financial future.

Risk tolerance isn’t static—it changes with life events, age, and personal circumstances. When you’re working and have a steady income, you might feel more comfortable taking on risk than when you’re retired and living off your investments. The birth of a child, the death of a parent, or even market news can shift your risk tolerance.

Timing the Market vs. Time in the Market

One of the common misconceptions among investors is the idea of timing the market—getting out when things are bad and getting back in when things look good. While it sounds logical, it’s nearly impossible to do consistently. The market often moves without clear signals, and by the time you react, it’s usually too late. Instead, a more reliable strategy is to focus on “time in the market.” Staying invested over the long term allows you to ride out the volatility and benefit from compounding returns.

The Value of Diversification

Another crucial aspect of asset allocation is diversification—not putting all your eggs in one basket. By spreading investments across various asset classes, sectors, and geographies, you reduce the impact of a downturn in any single area on your overall portfolio. Diversification doesn’t eliminate risk, but it can mitigate it, providing a smoother ride during turbulent times.

The Science of Asset Allocation: Data and Analysis

While I’ve emphasized the art side, there’s no denying that science plays a role in asset allocation. Data analysis, historical performance, economic forecasts, and quantitative models all contribute to determining the optimal asset mix. However, these tools should be seen as guides rather than definitive answers. They provide valuable insights, but they can’t predict the future or account for every nuance of human behavior.

Making Asset Allocation Work for You

Creating a well-balanced portfolio that aligns with your risk tolerance and investment goals is the ultimate aim of asset allocation. It’s about managing the trade-off between risk and return, ensuring you’re neither too aggressive nor too conservative. A portfolio should reflect not just your financial goals but your emotional comfort zone. The peace of mind that comes from knowing you’re invested in a way that feels right for you is invaluable.

Final Thoughts

Navigating the complexities of asset allocation can be daunting. Partnering with a knowledgeable advisor can provide clarity and guidance, helping you avoid emotional pitfalls and stay focused on your long-term goals. An advisor serves as a steady hand, keeping you grounded during market turbulence and ensuring your portfolio evolves with your changing needs.

At Bonfire Financial, we specialize in helping clients find that balance and strategically slice up your investments. We listen to your goals, understand your risk tolerance, and craft a personalized asset allocation strategy and financial plan that aligns with your financial and emotional well-being. If you’re ready to take the next step in your financial journey, reach out to us.

Why the FIRE Movement is BS

Posted on by Brian Colvert

The FIRE movement (Financial Independence, Retire Early) gained popularity in recent years, especially among millennials and Gen Z. With promises of retiring in your 30s or 40s, the concept seems appealing. Who wouldn’t want to escape the daily grind and achieve financial freedom early in life? However, as alluring as the idea may sound, the reality of the FIRE movement isn’t as straightforward or as fulfilling as many think. In this post, we’ll dive into why the FIRE movement might not be the best path to true financial freedom and offer a balanced approach to achieving financial independence while still enjoying life now.

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What is the FIRE Movement

The roots of the FIRE movement can be traced back to Vicki Robin and Joe Dominguez, who wrote the book Your Money or Your Life in 1992. Robin and Dominguez. While the idea originated in the early ’90s, it took more than two decades to catch on with people looking for alternatives to the traditional retirement timeline.

At its core, the FIRE movement revolves around living a life of extreme frugality, saving a large portion of your income—often 50% or more—and investing wisely so that you can retire decades earlier than the traditional retirement age. The goal is to accumulate enough assets that the income generated from those assets covers your living expenses indefinitely. This concept, while well-intentioned, has a few glaring issues.

The Five Levels of Financial Independence

Before diving into the criticisms of the FIRE movement, it’s essential to understand the different levels of financial independence:

  1. Basic Needs Coverage: This is the first level, where your income and assets are sufficient to cover your basic needs, such as housing, food, and utilities. You also have a buffer in case of emergencies, allowing you to survive without income for three to six months.
  2. Needs and Wants Coverage: At this level, your income and assets cover both your basic needs and your desires, such as traveling, hobbies, and occasional luxuries.
  3. Abundance: Here, your income and assets provide more than what you need or want, allowing for substantial savings and investments. There’s a sense of financial comfort, knowing you have more than enough.
  4. Asset-Based Security: This level means that your assets alone, without needing a job, can cover your basic needs. You might not have all your desires met, but you’re financially secure.
  5. Complete Financial Freedom: The pinnacle of financial independence, where your assets are more than enough to cover all your needs and wants. At this stage, work becomes a choice rather than a necessity.

The Problem with the FIRE Movement:

Living for Tomorrow at the Cost of Today

While the idea of reaching the highest levels of financial independence early is appealing, the way the FIRE movement advocates achieving this can be problematic. Here are some of the critical concerns:

  1. Extreme Frugality Isn’t Sustainable or Enjoyable: Many FIRE movement advocates emphasize a lifestyle of extreme frugality. This often includes measures like living on a shoestring budget, renting out rooms in your house, avoiding travel, or even subsisting on inexpensive, unhealthy, cheap food options. While these sacrifices might help you save money, they come at the cost of enjoying your life in the present. The constant focus on penny-pinching can make life feel restrictive and joyless.
  2. Postponing Life’s Pleasures: The FIRE movement philosophy often entails putting off enjoyable experiences until after retirement. Whether it’s traveling, dining out, or pursuing hobbies, the movement suggests delaying these pleasures to save more money now. But what if tomorrow never comes? Life is unpredictable, and postponing happiness for a future that isn’t guaranteed can lead to regrets.
  3. You’re Still Working, Just in a Different Form: Many FIRE followers don’t truly retire. Instead, they often turn to side gigs, freelancing, or becoming influencers to maintain their financial independence. In essence, they shift from traditional employment to other forms of work, which raises the question: are they genuinely retired, or just working in a different capacity?
  4. Potential Regrets and Missed Opportunities: As financial planners, we’ve seen clients who regret not taking vacations, not spending quality time with loved ones, or not pursuing passions because they were too focused on saving every penny. These missed opportunities for joy and connection can lead to dissatisfaction and regret later in life.

A Balanced Approach to Financial Independence

Financial independence is a worthy goal, but it shouldn’t come at the expense of your present happiness. Here’s how you can work towards financial freedom while still living a fulfilling life:

  1. Find the Right Balance: Instead of aiming to save 50% or more of your income, find a savings rate that allows you to progress toward your financial goals while still enjoying life now. A more moderate savings rate can still lead to substantial growth over time, especially with consistent, wise investing.
  2. Prioritize Experiences That Matter to You: Spend money on what brings you genuine joy and value. If you love traveling, set aside money for it. If fine dining is your passion, indulge occasionally. The key is to know what truly makes you happy and allocate resources accordingly. It’s not about living lavishly but living meaningfully.
  3. Save with Purpose, Not Deprivation: Financial independence doesn’t mean living in deprivation. It’s about making conscious choices. Adopt the mindset of saving for the things that matter most to you, not just for the sake of saving. This perspective shifts your financial strategy from one of sacrifice to one of purpose.
  4. Invest in Experiences, Not Just Assets: While building your asset base is crucial, don’t forget to invest in experiences that enrich your life. Whether it’s spending time with loved ones, exploring new places, or learning new skills, these experiences create memories and personal growth that money alone can’t buy.
  5. Remember the Importance of Flexibility: Life is full of changes and uncertainties. Your financial plan should be adaptable. If an opportunity arises that excites you—like a spontaneous trip or a new hobby—don’t feel guilty about seizing it. Flexibility allows you to enjoy life’s moments without derailing your long-term goals.
  6. Work Should Be Enjoyable, Not Just a Means to an End: If you find yourself in a job you hate just to save for early retirement, consider finding work that you enjoy. Financial independence shouldn’t be about escaping a miserable job; it should be about having the freedom to pursue work that you find fulfilling.

The Role of a Financial Planner

Navigating the path to financial independence can be complex, and having a guide can make a significant difference. A CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ can help you:

  • Create a Personalized Plan: A good financial planner will consider your unique circumstances, goals, and values, helping you develop a financial plan that balances saving with living.
  • Adjust as Life Changes: As your life evolves, so should your financial plan. A planner can help you adjust your strategy to accommodate new goals, opportunities, or challenges.
  • Avoid Common Pitfalls: Financial planners can provide guidance that helps you avoid the common mistakes of extreme frugality or overspending, ensuring a balanced approach to your financial independence journey.

Conclusion: Financial Independence Without Sacrifice

The FIRE movement has undoubtedly brought valuable conversations about financial independence to the forefront. However, the notion that you must sacrifice your present happiness for a future that isn’t guaranteed is flawed. True financial freedom comes from balancing smart saving and investing with living a life full of joy, experiences, and meaning.

You don’t need to live off ramen or delay your dreams to achieve financial independence. Instead, you can craft a financial plan that lets you enjoy today while still preparing for tomorrow. After all, life is too short not to be lived to its fullest.

Next Steps

If you’re ready to find a balanced approach to financial independence that suits your lifestyle and goals, we’re here to help. Contact us at today to start your journey towards a fulfilling and financially secure future.

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